Difference between valence electrons and valency
Valence electrons are the total number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom (i.e. in outermost orbital). The valence electrons for a neutral atom is always definite, it cannot be varied (more or less) in any condition for a particular atom and may or not be equal to its valency.
There are four simple steps to find out the valence electrons for cesium atom which are:
Step 1: Find the Atomic Number
Step 2: Write Electron Configuration
Step 3: Determine Valence Shell
As we know, the valence shell of an atom can be found from the highest number of principle quantum numbers which is expressed in the term of n, and in 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 5s2 5p6 6s1, the highest value of n is 6 so that the valence shell of Cs is 6s1.
Step 4: Find Valence Electrons
The total number of electrons present in the valence shell of an atom is called valence electrons, and there is only one electron present in the valence shell of cesium (6s1). Thus, cesium has only one valence electron.
There are many different ways to find out the valency of an atom which reflects the ability of an atom to bond with other atoms. Valence describes how easily an atom or a free radical can combine with other chemical species. The valency of an atom is determined based on the number of electrons lost, gained, or shared with another atom.
An atom is said to be stable when its outermost shells have eight electrons (except H and He). If the total number of electrons in outermost shells is between one to four, the atom has positive valency and if electrons are between four to eight, the valency is calculated by subtracting from eight and valency is negative. Atoms having four outermost electrons possess both positive and negative valency and atoms having eight outermost electrons have zero valencies (i.e. noble gases).
Alkali metals like cesium reached the stable (nearest inert gas configuration) by losing one outermost electron. So that the valency of cesium (Cs) is 1.
We can also find the valency of cesium with the help of a periodic table. as cesium is an element of group 1 which indicated alkali metals group and valency of alkali metals are always 1.
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FAQ
What is the Valency of CS?
How many electrons does CS have?
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How do you find valence electrons in cesium?
