Vitamin D in Fortified Foods
Foods that have been fortified typically contain additional nutrients. For instance, producers frequently include nutrients like iron, vitamin A, B vitamins, vitamin D (typically 55–130 IU per serving), folic acid, and iodine in their products. Fortified foods are made with additional nutrients to reduce the occurrence of nutrient deficiencies.
Because vitamin D is found almost entirely in animal foods, vegans and vegetarians are at especially high risk of not getting enough of this vitamin. Fortunately plant-based milk substitutes such as soy milk are also often fortified with this nutrient. So, as natural sources of Vitamin D are limited, especially if you’re vegetarian or don’t like fish, then you should consider using these food products.
Little is known about how cooking affects fish’s vitamin D content. Almost all of the vitamin D content in farm salmon was destroyed when it was baked. e. 240 IU of vitamin D3 was recovered from 3. 5 oz. of salmon. 245 IU of vitamin D3 were present in the salmon’s initial concentration when it was raw. But when the salmon was fried in vegetable oil, about 50% (123 IU of vitamin D3) of the vitamin D3 was retained. ).
To determine the amount of vitamin D in foods, a vitamin D assay was created. The details are shown in . Usually, 1 gram of fish flesh was saponified, and the lipid content was then extracted. On a C-18 reverse phase column used for preparation, the lipid extract was chromatographed. On a straight phase high performance liquid chromatography system (HPLC), the vitamin D fraction was collected and chromatographed. Based on the UV absorption and area under the curve, the vitamin D fraction was collected and chromatographed on a reverse phase HPLC to determine how much vitamin D2 and vitamin D3 was present.
Nowadays, vitamin D deficiency is acknowledged as a global issue affecting both children and adults (1-3). Children and adults alike either avoid sun exposure or use sun protection because they are concerned about skin cancer, which puts them at a high risk for vitamin D deficiency. Consequently, their diet or supplements are their only sources of vitamin D. In the United States, milk (100 IU/8 oz), some orange juices (100 IU vitamin D3/8 oz), some breads, yogurts, and cheeses are the main fortified foods that contain vitamin D. Irradiated mushrooms contain vitamin D2 in varied amounts. Naturally, oily fish flesh contains vitamin D. According to the dietary tables, salmon is estimated to have 400 IU of vitamin D3/3. 5 oz.
A subset of samples from the reverse phase HPLC were recovered for confirmation and used with the previously mentioned liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy system (4) ()
It has been proposed that diet, rather than sun exposure, should be the main source of vitamin D. However, milk, which frequently doesn’t contain at least 80% of what is claimed on the label, is the main fortified dietary source of vitamin D. Oily fish like salmon and mackerel have been hailed as particularly good sources of vitamin D. Little is known about how different cooking methods affect fish’s vitamin D content. We started an investigation and assessed the vitamin D content in various fish species as well as the impact of baking and frying on the vitamin D content. Unexpectedly, the vitamin D content of farmed salmon was roughly 25% higher than that of wild salmon. Even within a species, fish vitamin D levels varied greatly. These findings imply that the vitamin D content tables need to be updated and reevaluated because they are out-of-date.
There are many health benefits associated with sufficient vitamin D levels. Here’s how to make sure you’re getting enough.
You might know vitamin D as a nutrient solely responsible for efficient calcium absorption and therefore skeletal health, but GP and nutritionist Dr Sarah Brewer says this super vitamin helps to “maintain a healthy immune system, may help to control blood sugar1 levels and could have an impact on your mood, too.”
But how can we make sure we get the recommended amount of vitamin D each day, and is it possible to do so through diet? Dr. Sarah Brewer is here to help.
Read Dr. Sarah Brewer’s explanation of the value of vitamin D and how to ensure that you are getting enough.
FAQ
Does mackerel contain vitamin D?
Oily fish like salmon and mackerel have been hailed as particularly good sources of vitamin D.
Which fish is highest in vitamin D?
1. Salmon. Popular fatty fish like salmon is a great source of vitamin D. The Food Composition Database of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) indicates that one 3 The amount of vitamin D in a 5-ounce (100-gram) serving of farmed Atlantic salmon is 526 IU, or 66% of the DV (4).
Is smoked mackerel high in vitamin D?
According to some American studies, a small fillet of fresh mackerel weighing 100g has about 16mcg of vitamin D.
Do sardines have a lot of vitamin D?
Sardines are naturally rich in vitamin D. Recent studies suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency and diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but more research is required.
