Updated On: July 28, 2022 / Answered By: Stephen Stark The goal of affirmative action is to open up opportunities to individuals and groups that have historically been underrepresented or (in some cases, barred) from entering certain parts of academia, the government, and the workforce. It also provides funding in the form of grants and scholarships to these communities.Regarding This, What is affirmative action why was it created? Affirmative action was initiated by the administration of President Lyndon Johnson (1963–69) in order to improve opportunities for African Americans while civil rights legislation was dismantling the legal basis for discrimination. Regarding This, What was the original purpose of affirmative action programs? Affirmative action was initiated by the administration of President Lyndon Johnson (1963–69) in order to improve opportunities for African Americans while civil rights legislation was dismantling the legal basis for discrimination.
Affirmative Action programs apply to ethnic, racial, and gender minorities. The goal of the program is to provide quota systems to participating public and private institutions and businesses. These quotas are meant to ensure minorities are being hired when they apply for positions they are qualified for and to better match the demographics found in the US. Advertisement Advertisement
It is often used in ethnic, racial, and gender minorities and has boast diversity in public institutions and businesses.
There are different kinds of programs. The affirmative action programs originally designed to encourage by increasing diversity in public institutions and businesses.
Affirmative Action programs set to bring more minorities into business and schools to better represent the overall US demographic and to deter discrimination that had taken place in hiring and admission processes.
While the concept of affirmative action has existed in America since the 19th century, it first appeared in its current form in President Kennedys Executive Order 10925 (1961): “The contractor will take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that employees are treated during employment, without regard to their race, creed, color, or national origin.”
Affirmative action is defined as a set of procedures designed to; eliminate unlawful discrimination among applicants, remedy the results of such prior discrimination, and prevent such discrimination in the future. Applicants may be seeking admission to an educational program or looking for professional employment. In modern American jurisprudence, it typically imposes remedies against discrimination on the basis of (at the very least) race, creed, color, and national origin.
In Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244 (2003), the University of Michigans Undergraduate Admissions Office used a points-based system in its admission process. The office added points for an applicant who was an underrepresented minority. The Supreme Court held that the race-based methods must use strict scrutiny. The Court held that the generalization of “underrepresented minorities” failed the narrow tailoring requirement that strict scrutiny imposes.
The AI calculated SAT scores and high school academic performance, the PAI considered applicant’s essays, as well as a full-file review” which included leadership and work experience, extracurricular activities, community service, and other “special characteristics” that might give the admissions committee insight into a student’s background; race was included as one of these special characteristics.
The Court found that the Universitys use of race constitutes a “factor of a factor of a factor,” which, as one factor in the Universitys holistic review process, is narrow enough to meet strict scrutiny. The Court also held that there is a compelling interest in “obtaining the educational benefits that flow from student body diversity.” As such, strict scrutiny is satisfied, and the Court held that the use of race in the Universitys admissions efforts was constitutional.
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